Pharmacological effects of potassium permanganate
Release time:
2024-06-01 11:46
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Ingestion of potassium permanganate solution can cause a series of gastrointestinal irritation symptoms, such as burning sensation, swelling, nausea, vomiting, and stomach pain in the oropharynx. In severe cases, it can cause difficulty in speech, swallowing, and breathing, as well as proteinuria. The lethal dose is 10g. The solution should be freshly prepared, as it will be reduced and lose its effectiveness after a while. It should not be mixed with reducing agents such as glycerin, iodine, and sugar, to prevent explosion. High concentrations are irritating to the skin.
Potassium permanganate exhibits bactericidal effects through the active groups of oxidizing bacteria. It effectively kills various bacterial vegetative cells, fungi, and tubercle bacilli; it also inactivates hepatitis B virus and spores, but the effect on spores requires a longer time. Heating organic matter accelerates the oxidation reaction in both acidic and alkaline conditions. The oxidation reaction varies under different pH conditions; in acidic solutions, it is reduced to a colorless divalent manganese compound; in neutral or alkaline solutions, it is reduced to a brown precipitate of manganese dioxide and protein complex. Low concentrations have antibacterial, astringent, hemostatic, and deodorant effects. High concentrations are irritating and corrosive. Its antibacterial effect is stronger than hydrogen peroxide. Clinically, it is mainly used for acute dermatitis or acute eczema (especially when accompanied by secondary infection), cleaning ulcers or abscesses, gastric lavage in cases of poisoning by morphine, opium, strychnine, or organic poisons, and emergency treatment of snake bites. It is also used for disinfection of fruits and tableware. In the oral cavity, it is used for gargling or rinsing in cases of candidiasis, necrotizing gingivitis, and periodontal disease. Potassium permanganate leaves brown stains on clothing, which can be removed by rubbing with oxalic acid in water.
Accidental ingestion of potassium permanganate solution can cause a series of gastrointestinal irritation symptoms, such as burning sensation, swelling, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain in the oropharynx; in severe cases, it can cause speech, swallowing, and breathing difficulties, as well as proteinuria. The lethal dose is 10g. The solution should be freshly prepared, as it is reduced and loses its effectiveness after some time. It should not be mixed with reducing agents such as glycerin, iodine, or sugar, to prevent explosions. High concentrations are irritating to the skin.
A 0.1% solution is commonly used orally to treat rumen atony in cattle and sheep, and acute gastroenteritis and diarrhea in horses and other animals. Chicks drink a 0.01% solution. A 0.1% solution can be used externally to rinse mucous membranes and skin wounds and ulcers. A 0.05% to 0.1% solution is used for gastric lavage in cases of poisoning from certain organic substances; a 1% solution is used to rinse wounds from snake bites. For whole fish pond spraying: 4–5 mg of potassium permanganate solution per liter of water is used to treat fish saprolegniosis and parasites such as protozoa and crustaceans. A concentration of 100 mg per liter of water for a 30-minute medicinal bath is used to treat softening of the salmon egg membrane. A 0.1% to 0.12% solution is commonly used to disinfect beehives contaminated with viruses and bacteria. Potassium permanganate combined with formalin can be used for air fumigation disinfection of livestock (poultry) houses and hatcheries.
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